Vitrectomy surgery is a type of eye operation in which the ophthalmologist removes vitreous, jelly like fluid inside patient’s eye and replaces it with a saline solution. Specialists perform this surgery as pre-procedure to treat few eye complications.
For a person to see, light has to reach retina through eye. Tissues present at the back of eye, sense light and send information to brain. Few diseases cause fluid to cloud or fill with blood or debris. If the liquid does not have the original texture, it would stop light from reaching retina that would cause vision problem.
Sometimes retina pulls itself away from the tissue around it and jelly in front of the retina is removed to repair retinal tissues. Such procedure is called macular hole surgery. In this procedure, the specialist works on macula, the central part of retina, that is responsible for sharp central vision. A hole in it would result in blurry vision.
Few eye problems that eye-specialist treat with vitrectomy procedure are:
- Damaged blood vessels in retina
- Eye infections
- Serious eye injuries
- Macular pucker
- Retinal detachment
During the surgery, the specialist makes a cut in the outer layer in the eye that goes through the white part of the eye. The vitreous fluid is removed with a needle. Along with the jelly liquid, the doctor removes all debris like the scar tissues. Once the fluid is removed, the specialists perform all necessary repairs. A bubble is then inserted to keep the retina in place. The bubble goes away gradually. Patients need to maintain a head down position for few days for the bubble to be in its position.
In few cases instead of saline solution, silicone oil is used instead. If this oil is used, the patient will need a surgery, in a later stage, to get it removed. Some patients may need stitches to close the cut but most of them do not need it. An antibiotic ointment can solve the purpose.
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